What is an evaluative (or a value) argument?See answer

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What is an evaluative or a value argument

Question

Basic Answer

Step 1: Defining Evaluative Arguments

An evaluative argument, also known as a value argument, makes a claim about the merit, worth, or value of something. This “something” can be anything – a person, an action, a policy, a work of art, etc. The argument aims to persuade the audience that the subject is good, bad, important, unimportant, beautiful, ugly, etc., based on specific criteria or standards.

Step 2: Key Components of an Evaluative Argument

A strong evaluative argument typically includes:

• A claim of value: This is the main point, stating the value judgment (e.g., “Shakespeare’s Hamlet is a superior tragedy”).
• Criteria: These are the standards used to judge the subject. They should be clear, relevant, and defensible (e.g., “A superior tragedy displays complex characters, profound themes, and masterful language”).
• Evidence: This supports the claim by showing how the subject meets (or fails to meet) the criteria (e.g., “Hamlet’s characters are psychologically complex, exploring themes of revenge and morality, and the play showcases Shakespeare’s unparalleled command of language”).
• Consideration of counterarguments: Acknowledging and addressing opposing viewpoints strengthens the argument (e.g., “Some argue that Hamlet is too slow-paced, but this deliberate pacing allows for a deeper exploration of the characters’ inner lives”).

Step 3: Example

Let’s say we want to argue that “Recycling is an important environmental practice.”

• Claim of value: Recycling is an important environmental practice.
• Criteria: Reduces landfill waste, conserves natural resources, and reduces pollution.
• Evidence: Studies show that recycling significantly reduces landfill volume, the process conserves raw materials like timber and metals, and recycling reduces air and water pollution associated with manufacturing new products from raw materials.
• Counterargument: Recycling can be inconvenient and costly. Response: While inconvenient at times, the long-term environmental benefits outweigh the short-term inconveniences, and many municipalities offer convenient recycling programs to mitigate the cost and effort.

Final Answer

An evaluative argument asserts the value or merit of something based on specific criteria, supported by evidence, and ideally addresses counterarguments.