5. Read the text below and fill in the gaps with the right use of verbs. Mandela......(be) among the first to advocate armed resistance to apartheid, going underground in 1961 to form the ANC's armed wing. He......(leave) South Africa and......(travel) the continent and Europe, studying guerrilla warfare and building support for the ANC. Branded a terrorist by his enemies, Mandela......(sentence) to life imprisonment in 1964, isolated from millions of his countrymen as they......(suffer) oppression, violence and forced resettlement under the apartheid regime of racial segregation. He......(imprison) on Robben Island, a penal colony of Cape Town, where he......(spend) the next 18 years before being moved to mainland prisons.See answer

Daftar Isi

5 Read the text below and fill in the gaps with the right use of verbs Mandela be among the first to advocate armed resistance to apartheid going underground in 1961 to form the ANCs armed wing He…

Question

5. Read the text below and fill in the gaps with the right use of verbs. Mandela……(be) among the first to advocate armed resistance to apartheid, going underground in 1961 to form the ANC’s armed wing. He……(leave) South Africa and……(travel) the continent and Europe, studying guerrilla warfare and building support for the ANC. Branded a terrorist by his enemies, Mandela……(sentence) to life imprisonment in 1964, isolated from millions of his countrymen as they……(suffer) oppression, violence and forced resettlement under the apartheid regime of racial segregation. He……(imprison) on Robben Island, a penal colony of Cape Town, where he……(spend) the next 18 years before being moved to mainland prisons.

Basic Answer

Correct answer：

was, left, travelled, was sentenced, suffered, was imprisoned, spent

Analyze：

1. Keyword/sentence analysis: The text describes key events in Nelson Mandela’s life, focusing on his actions and experiences during the apartheid era. The verbs need to accurately reflect the tense and voice of these events.

2. Contextual relationship: The sentences describe a sequence of past events. Therefore, the verbs should be in the past tense. Some actions were done by Mandela (active voice), while others were done to him (passive voice).

3. The answer derivation process:

   • “Mandela…(be) among the first…”: This describes a state of being in the past, requiring the past simple “was.”
   • “He…(leave) South Africa…”: This is a past action performed by Mandela, using the past simple “left.”
   • “He…(travel) the continent…”: Similar to the previous point, “travelled” (past simple) is correct.
   • “Mandela…(sentence) to life imprisonment…”: Mandela was the recipient of the action, making the passive voice with “was sentenced” appropriate.
   • “as they…(suffer) oppression…”: This describes the ongoing suffering of people under apartheid, using the past simple “suffered.”
   • “He…(imprison) on Robben Island…”: Again, Mandela was the subject of the action, requiring the passive voice “was imprisoned.”
   • “where he…(spend) the next 18 years…”: This describes a completed action in the past, using the past simple “spent.”

Point of knowledge

1. Past Simple Tense: Used to describe completed actions in the past. The regular form adds “-ed” (e.g., travel – travelled), while irregular verbs have unique past simple forms (e.g., be – was/were, leave – left).
2. Active and Passive Voice: Active voice emphasizes the subject performing the action (e.g., “He left South Africa”). Passive voice emphasizes the action being done to the subject (e.g., “He was sentenced to life imprisonment”).

Error-prone tips

1. Incorrect tense: Using present tense verbs would be incorrect as the text describes past events.
2. Incorrect voice: Using active voice where passive voice is needed (or vice versa) would change the meaning and grammatical correctness of the sentences. For example, using “He sentenced himself…” instead of “He was sentenced…” is factually and grammatically wrong.